Gail Model for Breast Cancer Risk
Estimates risk for breast cancer based on demographic and clinical data.
This calculator includes inputs based on race, which may or may not provide better estimates; this calculator can be run with Race as “Unknown,” but users should know this defaults to the “White” option. Our evidence section reviews some of the issues with Race in this model. Learn more about our approach to addressing race and bias on MDCalc.
The Gail Model is for use in women with no history of breast cancer, DCIS or LCIS. Other tools may be more appropriate for women with known mutations in BRCA1, BRCA2, or other hereditary syndromes associated with breast cancer. See the Evidence section for more information.
Patients who have an increased risk of developing breast cancer, defined as calculated 5 year risk >1.7%, are candidates for chemoprevention (such as tamoxifen).
Patients with elevated breast cancer risk (>1.7%) should be referred to a breast surgeon to discuss possible risk reduction interventions.