Sessler CN, Grap MJ, Brophy GM. Multidisciplinary management of sedation and analgesia in critical care. Semin Respir Crit Care Med. 2001;22(2):211-26. 

“Richmond Agitation Sedation Scale.” ICU Delirium and Cognitive Impairment Group. Web. 09/2014.

Ely EW, Truman B, Shintani A, Thomason JWW, Wheeler AP, Gordon S et al. Monitoring sedation status over time in ICU patients: the reliability and validity of the Richmond Agitation Sedation Scale (RASS). JAMA 2003; 289:2983-2991.

Sessler CN, Gosnell MS, et. al. The Richmond Agitation-Sedation Scale: validity and reliability in adult intensive care unit patients.Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2002 Nov 15;166(10):1338-44.

Dr. Curtis Sessler

Richmond Agitation-Sedation Scale (RASS)

patient_description

Ranks agitation and possibility for sedation.

Objectify agitation-sedation spectrum.

Kamal (Kim) Medlej, MD, is an attending physician at the department of emergency medicine at Massachusetts General Hospital. He was born and raised in Beirut, Lebanon, then moved to Montreal to attend McGill University where he received his medical degree. He completed a residency in emergency medicine at St. Luke’s-Roosevelt Hospital Center in New York City and served as chief resident in his final year, followed by fellowship in critical care medicine at the Brigham and Women’s Hospital in Boston. Prior to joining the emergency department at MGH, Dr. Medlej was an attending physician in the emergency department of the American University of Beirut Medical Center in Lebanon then at Mount Sinai St. Luke's-West in New York City where he held appointments in both the emergency department and the division of pulmonary, critical care and sleep medicine. His areas of interest include emergency and critical care ultrasound, fluid management, non-invasive patient management, and the intersection of emergency medicine and critical care.

Kamal Medlej, MD

The Richmond Agitation-Sedation Scale (RASS) ranks agitation and possibility for sedation.

Richmond Agitation-Sedation Scale (RASS) Calculator

Establishes ability to detect delirium in high risk settings.

CAM-ICU

Coma severity based on Eye (4), Verbal (5), and Motor (6) criteria.

Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS)

Cornell Assessment of Pediatric Delirium (CAPD)

The American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) focuses on the health, safety, and well-being of infants, children, and young adults. With about 67,000 members, including pediatricians, medical subspecialists, and surgical specialists, the AAP supports optimal care. Over 45,000 members are board-certified Fellows of the AAP (FAAP). Its mission is to promote children's health and well-being while supporting members' professional needs.

American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP)

The American Association for Physician Leadership&reg; (AAPL) is the world&rsquo;s oldest and largest professional association dedicated solely to maximizing physician leadership.&nbsp;From the moment physicians begin their leadership journey through the time they are seasoned leaders, AAPL provides education and training, resources and tools, and content and experiences needed to close gaps between hands-on clinical care, organization system improvements and optimized business outcomes.

American Association for Physician Leadership (AAPL)

American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases

The American College of Emergency Physicians (ACEP) represents more than 38,000 emergency physicians, emergency medicine residents and medical students. ACEP promotes the highest quality of emergency care and is the leading advocate for emergency physicians and their patients, and the public. Members may earn up to 850 continuing medical education hours every year through ACEP&rsquo;s robust catalog of peer-reviewed publications and on-demand courses presented by world-renowned emergency medicine experts.

American College Of Emergency Physicians

The American College of Gastroenterology (ACG) supports clinicians in delivering high-quality, evidence-based care to gastroenterology patients. Its mission is to advance care for those with gastrointestinal disorders through excellence, innovation, and advocacy. ACG provides members with up-to-date scientific information through annual meetings, the American Journal of Gastroenterology, training courses, and research grants, focusing on digestive health and GI disorder treatments.

American College of Gastroenterology

American College of Rheumatology

The American Gastroenterological Association (AGA), founded in 1897, provides leadership and education to over 16,000 members worldwide, all dedicated to advancing gastroenterology. The AGA&rsquo;s mission is to empower clinicians and researchers to improve digestive health through clinical guidance, practice resources, and peer-reviewed research. Key journals include Gastroenterology, Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Cellular and Molecular Gastroenterology and Hepatology, and others.

American Gastroenterological Association

American Heart Association

American Urological Association

EB Medicine is the premier provider of evidence-based clinical content and CME resources for emergency medicine practitioners.

EB Medicine

MDCalc Blog

MDCalc CME

Postgraduate Institute for Medicine

The Rome Foundation is a nonprofit organization dedicated to advancing the diagnosis and treatment of Disorders of Gut-Brain Interaction (DGBI), also known as functional gastrointestinal disorders. Its mission is to improve the lives of people with DGBI. For over 30 years, the Rome Foundation has worked with scientists and clinicians worldwide to classify and assess GI function and dysfunction, creating symptom-based criteria used in clinical trials and daily practice to guide diagnosis and treatment.

The ROME Foundation

Listen to the VACO co-creators break down how to use VACO\, what it does\, and what it doesn’t.

Richmond Agitation-Sedation Scale (RASS)

Instructions